墨西哥次年可向美国钻井工人开放页岩油田

　　Mexico could open up its vast shale oil fields to U.S. drillers as soon as next year, the Mexican energy secretary said Friday.

　　墨西哥能源部长于周五表示，墨西哥将在明年尽快向美国钻井工人开放其巨大的页岩油田。

　　Pedro Joaquin Coldwell, speaking to energy executives, attorneys and academics at Rice University, said the long-suspended auctions for northern Mexico’s shale fields could reopen after the first quarter of 2017.

　　佩德罗·华金·科德韦尔（墨西哥能源部长)，对话莱斯大学的能源高管，律师及学者，他表示，长期停牌拍卖的墨西哥北部页岩油田可能于2017年第一季度后重新开放。

　　“Everything will be ready by March,” Coldwell said of the environmental regulations necessary to start the work.

　　“一切将在三月份之前准备就绪，”科德韦尔表示，环境法规有必要开始发挥作用了。

　　Mexico, in the middle of a sweeping reform of its government-run energy sector, has been holding auctions to sell the rights to private companies to drill in untapped oil fields. The state suspended bids for shale fields when oil prices crashed two years ago. “We thought industry wouldn’t be interested,” Coldwell told the roughly 100 attending a university event on the country’s energy reform efforts.

　　墨西哥政府正在实行全面改革，一直以来举办相关拍卖会，将未开发油田的开发权卖给私营企业。两年前油价暴跌时，国家暂停了页岩油田的竞价。“我们认为那些企业并不会感兴趣，” 在一个关于国家能源改革的会议上，科德韦尔对来该大学参会的约100个国家如此表示。

　　In addition, the country lacked environmental rules to regulate hydraulic fracturing and the pipelines necessary to transport natural gas, a byproduct of oil drilling.

　　此外，墨西哥缺乏相关环境管理条例，以调节水力压裂和管道，而这些对于运输天然气和石油副产品是很必要的。

　　But recently, Coldwell said, companies have asked the country to restart the shale auction.

　　但最近，科德韦尔表示，许多企业要求墨西哥重新开始页岩气油田竞拍。

　　Coldwell said he expects to have environmental regulations ready by March and bids prepared to issue soon thereafter.

　　科德韦尔表示，他期待在三月前能够出台相关环境管理条例，在此之后准备发布投标。

　　Mexico kicked foreign oil drillers out of the country more than 70 years ago and nationalized its energy industry.

　　墨西哥已将国外钻井移出本国70年有余，并国有化其能源产业。

　　Three years ago, with soaring electricity rates and plummeting oil and gas production, Mexican politicians passed a sweeping set of energy reform laws, which opened the country to widespread private investment for the first time in decades.

　　三年前，随着电费飞涨，油价和天然气价格暴跌，墨西哥执政者通过了一系列能源改革法案，由此开放十年来第一次广泛的私人投资。

　　Mexico has since attracted $22.4 billion in investment commitments over 70 contracts from 59 different private companies, Coldwell said.

　　科德韦尔表示，墨西哥已经吸引了224亿美元投资承诺，它们来自同59个不同私企签订的超过70份的合同。

　　Those have included $10 billion for 10,000 kilometers of pipelines, $7 billion in exploration and production, and $2.5 billion toward the creation of new seismic maps, which track untapped oil and gas reservoirs.

　　那些投资中，有100亿美元投在一万千米的管道上，70亿美元投在勘探与生产上，25亿美元投在新石油地震图上（它能够追踪未被开发的油气藏）。

　　More than three-quarters of the prospective resources are in deep water or unconventional wells — wells most often hydraulicly fractured to release oil and gas. To access such reserves, the country needs access to drilling technology and financial resources “not now available in Mexico,” he said.

　　超过四分之三的预期资源位于深水或特殊钻井中——特殊钻井指的是通过水力压裂释放石油及天然气。找到这些预期资源，国家需要获得钻探技术及资金来源，“这在墨西哥是不存在的”，他表示。

　　翻译：高源（微信部）

　　编辑：高源（微信部）

　　来源：fuelfix